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Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. The word derives from the Greek: (pharmakon), meaning "drug" or "medicine". The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care, including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the primary health professionals who optimize medication use to provide patients with positive health outcomes. An establishment in which pharmacy (in the first sense) is practiced is called a pharmacy, chemist's or drug store. In the United States and Canada, drug stores commonly sell not only medicines, but also miscellaneous items such as candy (sweets), cosmetics, and magazines, as well as light refreshments or groceries.

Thursday, May 3, 2012

Use of Recombinant DNA Techniques in Medicine

  • Techniques for isolating and amplifying genes and studying and manipulating DNA sequences are currently being used in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease.
  • These techniques require an understanding of the following tools and processes:
    • Restriction enzymes
    • Cloning vectors
    • Polymerase chain reaction
    • Gel electrophoresis
    • Nucleic acid hybridization
    • Expression vectors
  • Recombinant DNA molecules produced by these techniques can be used as diagnostic probes, in gene therapy, or for the large-scale production of proteins for the treatment of disease.
  • Identified genetic polymorphisms, inherited differences in DNA base sequences between individuals, can be utilized for both diagnosis of disease and the generation of an individual's molecular fingerprint.
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